How Can I Get the Execution Directory of My C/C Program Across Different Platforms?

Determining the Program's Directory

In C/C , obtaining the full path to the directory from where a program is running can be a challenge for cross-platform applications. This article addresses this issue, providing solutions that cater to different platforms and filesystems.

Platform-Agnostic Approaches

Unfortunately, there is no standard C/C library function that returns the program's directory path in a platform-agnostic manner. However, using operating system-specific APIs can achieve this result.

Windows

On Windows, the GetModuleFileName function can retrieve the full path to the module (executable file).

char pBuf[256];
size_t len = sizeof(pBuf);
int bytes = GetModuleFileName(NULL, pBuf, len);
if (bytes) {
    return bytes;
} else {
    return -1; // Error
}

Linux

For Linux systems, the readlink function can access the symbolic link in "/proc/self/exe" to determine the program's executable file path.

char pBuf[256];
size_t len = sizeof(pBuf);
int bytes = MIN(readlink("/proc/self/exe", pBuf, len), len - 1);
if (bytes >= 0) {
    pBuf[bytes] = '';
    return bytes;
} else {
    return -1; // Error
}

Note that these approaches are specific to certain platforms and filesystems. If you require a more comprehensive solution, consider using cross-platform libraries like Boost.filesystem or Qt.

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