How Can I Pass Variables into Laravel Advanced Where Closures?

Passing Variables into Laravel Advanced Where Closures

The Laravel documentation provides an example of using whereExists with a closure to join tables:

DB::table('users')
    ->whereExists(function($query)
    {
        $query->select(DB::raw(1))
              ->from('orders')
              ->whereRaw('orders.user_id = users.id');
    })
    ->get();

But what if you need to pass an external variable into the closure, such as a search query?

->where('city_id', '=', $this->city->id)
->where(function($query)
{
    $query->where('name', 'LIKE', '%'.$searchQuery.'%')
    ->orWhere('address', 'LIKE', '%'.$searchQuery.'%')

})

The current solution is to create a new property and access it using $this, but is there a more convenient way?

Yes, you can use the use keyword to pass variables from the parent scope into the closure:

DB::table('users')->where(function ($query) use ($activated) {
    $query->where('activated', '=', $activated);
})
->get();

In PHP 7.4, you can use the shorter arrow function syntax:

DB::table('users')->where(fn($query) => $query->where('activated', '=', $activated))
->get();

Key differences between arrow functions and regular closures:

• fn keyword instead of function
• Variables are automatically captured from the parent scope
• Arrow functions always return a value
• Return keyword must be omitted
• Arrow functions must have a single expression as the return statement

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