How Can I Query a SQL Database Directly from My Excel VBA Code?

Querying SQL from VBA in Excel

Utilizing VBA within Excel, you can extend the functionality of your spreadsheets by directly interacting with SQL databases. This allows you to execute SQL queries, retrieve results, and integrate them into your Excel workbooks.

Consider the following VBA subroutine, which connects to a specific SQL Server instance and executes a SQL query:

Sub ConnectSqlServer()

    Dim conn As ADODB.Connection
    Dim rs As ADODB.Recordset
    Dim sConnString As String

    ' Adjust according to your environment
    sConnString = "Provider=SQLOLEDB;Data Source=INSTANCE\SQLEXPRESS;" & _
                  "Initial Catalog=MyDatabaseName;" & _
                  "Integrated Security=SSPI;"

    ' Create connection and recordset objects
    Set conn = New ADODB.Connection
    Set rs = New ADODB.Recordset

    ' Open connection and execute query
    conn.Open sConnString
    Set rs = conn.Execute("SELECT * FROM Table1;")

    ' Check for data
    If Not rs.EOF Then
        ' Transfer results to Excel sheet
        Sheets(1).Range("A1").CopyFromRecordset rs
        ' Close recordset
        rs.Close
    Else
        MsgBox "Error: No records returned.", vbCritical
    End If

    ' Clean up
    If CBool(conn.State And adStateOpen) Then conn.Close
    Set conn = Nothing
    Set rs = Nothing

End Sub

To use this subroutine, modify the following portions:

• Data Source: Replace "INSTANCESQLEXPRESS" with the name of your SQL Server instance.
• Initial Catalog: Replace "MyDatabaseName" with the name of the database you want to connect to.
• Integrated Security: Adjust to "True" if using Windows authentication or "False" if using SQL Server authentication. In the latter case, replace "Integrated Security=SSPI;" with "User ID=[username];Password=[password];".

Once modified, run the VBA subroutine to establish a connection, execute the SQL query specified in the "Execute" statement, and populate the results onto the specified Excel sheet.

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