How to Increase Java Stack Size and Avoid StackOverflowError?

How to Increase the Java Stack Size (Xss Parameter)

To augment the runtime stack's capacity in the JVM, utilize the '-Xss' command-line flag with an appropriate value. For the 'TT' program (1<<15), '-Xss4m' suffices:

$ javac TT.java
$ java -Xss4m TT

Implementation Dependence of '-X...' Flags

Note that '-X...' flags are implementation-specific. In the provided Java version, the '-Xss' flag controls the stack size for all threads.

Thread-Specific Stack Allocation

Alternatively, you can assign a generous stack size to a particular thread using the java.lang.Thread.stackSize() method. This approach is advantageous as it prevents memory waste for threads with modest stack requirements.

Determining Stack Requirements

To gauge the necessary stack size for a program, run it iteratively with increasing stack sizes until it executes successfully without a 'StackOverflowError'. For the 'TT' program, stack sizes were determined as follows:

-Xss4m: suffices for (1 << 15)
-Xss5m: suffices for (1 << 17)
...
-Xss515m: suffices for (1 << 25)

Nondeterministic Stack Requirement Phenomenon

The stack requirement may exhibit nondeterministic behavior due to factors like garbage collection and JIT execution timing. To precisely calculate the stack depth reached, refer to the answer below (using Javassist).

Alternative Implementations

Consider alternative algorithms with less stack consumption. For the 'fact' function, an iterative implementation can be utilized to avoid recursion and reduce stack usage:

public class TTIterative {
    // ... implementation ...
}

BigInteger Considerations

The 'fact' function cannot compute precise factorials for numbers greater than 65 using the 'long' data type due to overflow. Refactoring the function to return a 'BigInteger' addresses this issue and provides exact results for larger inputs.

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