Why Aren't My PDO Queries Showing Error Messages?

PDO Reference: Resolving Common Database Connection Errors

Introduction

PDO (PHP Data Objects) offers robust database interaction, but users often encounter errors due to its specific features. This article aims to address one of the most prevalent issues: the inability to retrieve error messages during PDO queries.

Query Failure with No Error Message

When a PDO query fails, error messages may not be immediately apparent. To enable error visibility, you must set the PDO error mode to PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION. Exceptions provide stack traces and can be handled using try..catch blocks.

Example:

$dsn = "mysql:host=$host;dbname=$db;charset=utf8";
$opt = [
    PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE => PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION,
];
$pdo = new PDO($dsn, $user, $pass, $opt);

Displaying Errors

Additionally, error reporting settings must be configured to display errors. For live sites, enable error logging, while for local development, errors can be displayed on screen:

Live Site:

error_reporting(E_ALL);
ini_set('display_errors', 0);
ini_set('log_errors', 1);

Local Development:

error_reporting(E_ALL);
ini_set('display_errors', 1);

Avoid Error Suppression

Never use the error suppression operator (@) before PDO statements.

Avoiding Unnecessary try..catch Blocks

Uncaught exceptions provide valuable error information without the need for custom error handling. Only use try..catch when handling errors, such as rolling back transactions.

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