How Can I Customize Test Execution in Go Using `go test`?

Customizing Test Execution in Go with "go test"

When testing complex codebases, it's often desirable to selectively skip or exclude certain tests during execution with the "go test" command. This allows developers to focus on specific areas of functionality or troubleshoot new features without affecting existing tests.

Excluding Tests Using SkipNow() and Skip()

Go provides two methods within the "testing" package for skipping tests: SkipNow() and Skip().

SkipNow() immediately skips the current test, regardless of whether it has started running or not.

Skip() adds a comment to the testing output indicating that the test was skipped, but it allows other tests in the same package or file to continue running.

To use these methods, simply add the appropriate function call to the beginning of the test function. For example:

func skipCI(t *testing.T) {
  if os.Getenv("CI") != "" {
    t.SkipNow("Skipping testing in CI environment")
  }
}

func TestNewFeature(t *testing.T) {
  skipCI(t)
}

To conditionally skip tests based on an environment variable, use SkipNow() and set the variable before executing the tests.

Excluding Tests Using Short Mode

Another option for excluding tests is to use the "short" mode. This mode instructs "go test" to only run tests that are marked with the -test.short flag in their annotations.

To add a -test.short flag to a test function, modify the test annotation as follows:

// +test.short
func TestNewFeature(t *testing.T) { ... }

To run tests in short mode, execute "go test" with the -short flag:

go test -short

Note: This approach excludes tests based on their annotations rather than dynamically based on runtime conditions.

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