How Can I Rename Pandas DataFrame Column Headers Efficiently?

Renaming Column Headers in Pandas

When working with Pandas DataFrames, one may encounter the need to modify the column names. This guide will explore two methods for renaming columns: specific column renaming and column header reassignment.

Renaming Specific Columns

To rename specific columns, utilize the df.rename() function. Specify the columns to be renamed using old and new names as a dictionary. For instance, consider the following DataFrame with columns ['$a', '$b', '$c', '$d', '$e']:

import pandas as pd

df = pd.DataFrame('x', index=range(3), columns=list('abcde'))

To rename '$a' to 'a', '$b' to 'b', and '$c' to 'c':

df = df.rename(columns={'$a': 'a', '$b': 'b', '$c': 'c'})

Reassigning Column Headers

Alternatively, column headers can be reassigned using df.set_axis() with axis=1. The new headers should be provided as a list or array. For example, to assign new headers:

df2 = df.set_axis(['V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z'], axis=1)

The DataFrame will now have the following headers:

   V  W  X  Y  Z
0  x  x  x  x  x
1  x  x  x  x  x
2  x  x  x  x  x

Conclusion

This guide has demonstrated two techniques for renaming column headers in Pandas DataFrames. Both methods provide flexibility in modifying column names to suit specific needs.

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