How to Handle Integer Input in Python: String to Integer Conversion and Base Handling?

Inputting Numbers as Integers

In the code snippet provided, x and y are of type string rather than integer because the input() function returns a string by default in Python. To convert the user input to an integer, one can explicitly cast it using int(input()).

x = int(input("Enter a number: "))
y = int(input("Enter a number: "))

print(x + y)
print(x - y)
print(x * y)
print(x / y)
print(x % y)

Additionally, input can accept numbers in different bases by specifying the base as the second argument.

data = int(input("Enter a number: "), 8)
data = int(input("Enter a number: "), 16)
data = int(input("Enter a number: "), 2)

This base conversion is useful when dealing with values represented in different numeric systems.

Differences between Python 2 and 3

Summary:

• Python 2's input function implicitly evaluates the user input and converts it to an integer, while Python 3's input function returns a string.
• Python 2's raw_input function is equivalent to Python 3's input function.

Python 2.x:

• input evaluates the user input, converting it to an int, float, or other data type depending on the input.
• raw_input returns the user input as a string without evaluation.

Python 3.x:

• input returns the user input as a string, similar to raw_input in Python 2.x.
• raw_input is not available in Python 3.x.

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