What JavaScript Symbols and Operators Do You Need to Know?

What does this symbol mean in JavaScript?

Symbol Description Type

this The current object References an object

var x = function() vs. function x() Function declaration syntax Declares a function

(function(){…})() Immediately Invoked Function Expression (IIFE) Immediately executes a function

someFunction()() Functions that return other functions Returns a function

=> Arrow function expression syntax Defines an arrow function

|> Pipe, greater than Pipeline operator Pipes output of one function to input of another

function, yield, yield Generator functions Defines a generator function

[…], [ value ], Array() Array notation Declares an array

{…}, { key: value }, { [key]: value } Object literal syntax Defines an object

…${…}… Template literals Inserts variables into strings

/…/ Regular expression literals Matches text patterns

$ Dollar sign in regex replace patterns Matches specific parts of a string in regex replace

() Grouping operator Groups expressions for evaluation

obj.prop, obj[prop], obj["prop"] Property accessors Access properties of objects

?. , ?.[], ?.() Optional chaining operator Safe navigation of property access

new operator Creates a new object

...iter Spread syntax Spreads array or object into individual elements

, -- Pre- / post-increment / -decrement operators Increment or decrement a value

, - Addition or concatenation, and subtraction operators; unary sign operators Perform arithmetic or logical operations

&&, ||, ! Logical operators Perform logical operations

?., ?.[], ?.() Optional chaining operator Safe navigation of property access

** Power operator (exponentiation) Raises a value to a power

==, === Equality operators Compare values

!=, !== Inequality operators Compare values for inequality

<<, >>, >>> Bit shift operators Shift bits left or right

?…?…? Conditional (ternary) operator Decides which expression to execute based on a condition

= Assignment operator Assigns a value to a variable

% Remainder operator Finds the remainder of division

= Addition assignment operator Adds a value to a variable

&&=, ||=, ??= Logical assignments Perform logical operations and assign the result

<<=, >>=, >>>=, &=, ^=, |= Bitwise assignments Perform bitwise operations and assign the result

, Comma operator Evaluates multiple expressions in sequence

{…} Blocks Encloses statements

{…} Object literal syntax Encloses key-value pairs

var, let, const Declares variables with varying scope

label: Labels Marks a statement for use with break or continue

123n BigInt Represents an integer greater than the limit of regular numbers

# Private methods or private fields Defines private members of a class

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