How Can I Execute Cleanup Operations Before a Go Program Exits?

Executing Operations After Exiting a Go Program

Question:

How can one execute specific operations at the end of a Go program's execution? This is particularly relevant for handling cleanup tasks or graceful exits in HTTP servers.

Answer:

Utilizing Unix Signals

Handling end-of-execution actions in Go involves registering for Unix signals, such as SIGINT (generated by Ctrl-C). This signal notifies the Go runtime when the program should be terminated.

Code Snippet

The following code snippet demonstrates how to catch the interrupt signal and perform cleanup operations before exiting:

package main

import (
    "log"
    "os"
    "os/signal"
)

func main() {
    // Create a channel to receive the interrupt signal.
    sigchan := make(chan os.Signal)
    signal.Notify(sigchan, os.Interrupt)

    // Start a goroutine to listen for the signal.
    go func() {
        <-sigchan
        log.Println("Program killed!")

        // Perform last actions and wait for all write operations to end.

        os.Exit(0)
    }()

    // Start the main program tasks.
}

Explanation

1. make(chan os.Signal) creates a channel to receive Unix signals.
2. signal.Notify(sigchan, os.Interrupt) registers the channel to receive the SIGINT signal from the operating system.
3. A goroutine is created to listen for the signal on the sigchan channel.
4. When the SIGINT signal is received (e.g., by pressing Ctrl-C), the goroutine executes the cleanup operations and exits the program gracefully using os.Exit(0).
5. Meanwhile, the main program continues executing until the cleanup tasks are complete.

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