Why Isn't My PHP mail() Function Sending Emails Despite Apparent Success?

PHP mail Function Not Sending Emails Despite Successful Execution

Troubleshooting Steps:

Ensure Error Reporting Capabilities:

Enable error reporting by adding the following code at the beginning of PHP files:

error_reporting(-1);
ini_set('display_errors', 'On');
set_error_handler("var_dump");

Verify mail() Call:

Check that the following three parameters are supplied to the mail() function:

• $to (recipient email address)
• $subject (subject of the email)
• $message (body of the email)

Examine Server Mail Logs:

Investigate the mail server's logs for any error messages related to email sending.

Check for Port Blockage:

Ensure that necessary ports (e.g., 25, 587) are not blocked by firewalls or port restrictions.

Eliminate Error Suppression Operator:

Do not prepend the error suppression operator (@) to the mail() function call.

Review mail() Return Value:

Check the return value of the mail() function. A FALSE value indicates acceptance for delivery, while TRUE indicates potential subsequent issues.

Confirm Email Sending Permissions:

Ensure that your hosting provider allows email sending and does not impose limits.

Prevent Spam Filtration:

Implement measures to avoid triggering spam filters, such as SPF, DKIM, and valid email addresses.

Supply Complete Mail Headers:

Provide all essential mail headers, including "From", "Reply-To", and "X-Mailer".

Avoid Faux From: Senders:

Use a valid "From" sender address that corresponds to your domain.

Verify Recipient Value:

Confirm that the recipient's email address is correct and avoid hard-coding values.

Consider Multiple Recipients:

Send emails to multiple accounts at different email providers to rule out specific email account issues.

Match Form Method and Data Retrieval:

Use $_POST or $_GET to retrieve form data based on the specified form method.

Check Form Action:

Ensure that the form's action attribute points to the correct PHP mailing script.

Assess Web Hosting Compatibility:

Confirm that your web hosting provider supports email sending capabilities.

Set Up Localhost Mail Server:

If developing locally, set up a mail server (e.g., Mercury Mail) for email sending.

Enable Custom mail.log:

Configure PHP's custom logging for the mail() function to record invocation details and headers.

Utilize Mail Testing Services:

Use services like MailTester or GlockApps to analyze email deliverability and identify specific issues.

Consider Alternate Mailers:

Explore more robust and feature-rich mailers, such as PHPMailer or SwiftMailer, for enhanced capabilities and error handling.

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