Can PHP Bytecode Be Compiled into Standalone Executable Binaries?

Can PHP Bytecode Be Converted to Binary Files for Direct Execution?

While PHP code is compiled into bytecode before server execution, the question arises whether it's possible to further "compile" PHP code into a standalone binary file that can be directly run by the bytecode interpreter.

History and Options

Initially, Facebook introduced HipHop for PHP as a PHP compiler, but it was later discontinued in favor of HHVM. However, several third-party PHP compilers emerged, offering various features and compatibility levels:

• PeachPie: Compiles PHP to .NET and allows compilation into self-contained binaries for execution on multiple platforms.
• Phalanger: Compiles PHP to .NET but appears to be discontinued.
• phc: Compiles PHP to native binaries but has limited activity and last updates in 2011.
• Roadsend PHP Compiler: Aims to compile to native binaries but is discontinued.
• bcompiler: Experimental PHP extension that compiles to PHP bytecode and can wrap it in Windows binaries.
• Project Zero: Supported by IBM and compiles to Java bytecode, but its status is unclear.
• Bambalam: Compiles to stand-alone Windows binaries, but its development seems to have stopped in 2006.
• BinaryPHP: Compiles PHP to C , but its development appears to have been discontinued in 2003.

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