If you are just starting out in the world of programming, I have something very important to share with you. This article is for all beginners who dream of becoming developers, especially those who believe that programming is easy, that they will earn a lot of money and become rich overnight. First of all, I'll be blunt: it's not quite like that. But that doesn't mean the path is impossible, far from it. With dedication, strategic learning and the right mindset, you can achieve success. Let's explore this together.
Before venturing into any programming language or advanced tools, it's crucial to build a solid foundation. Think of programming like a language: you need to understand the grammar before you can start forming sentences. And this "grammar" in the world of technology is made up of programming logic and algorithms. These concepts are the heart of any programming language and are indispensable for solving problems efficiently.
Why is this important?
Logic and algorithms are like a map that guides you in creating solutions. Without these fundamentals, it's like trying to build a house without knowing how a foundation works. Therefore, take the time to master these concepts before moving on to the next step.
At first, it's easy to feel overwhelmed by the number of languages available: Python, JavaScript, Java, C#, among others. But here's the secret: there is no perfect language. The best language to start with is the one you feel most comfortable with or the one that aligns with your goals.
Remember, you don't need to know everything at once. Choose one and delve deeper into it before expanding to others.
Regardless of whether you choose to be a backend or frontend developer, one thing is certain: learning Linux is essential. Did you know that most of the world's servers and IoT (Internet of Things) devices use Linux? This means that, even if you are not directly working with servers, having knowledge of Linux will open many doors for your career.
Don't worry if you've never used Linux before. Start by learning the simplest commands, such as ls, cd and mkdir. Then, delve deeper into concepts like file permissions, processes, and package management. Over time, you will realize that Linux is not only useful, but also very powerful.
If you want to stand out in the market, go further. Learn about Linux security, server management and automation with shell scripts. The more you know, the more valuable you will be to companies looking for developers with this difference.
Now, I want to talk about something that goes beyond languages and operating systems. As a developer, you must adopt the problem-solver mindset. What does this mean? It means that your job is not just to write code, but to find creative and effective solutions to the challenges that arise. This mentality is what differentiates an average programmer from an excellent developer.
Think about it: if companies hire developers, it's because they have problems to solve. You are the key to transforming these problems into solutions that generate value. So, cultivate constant curiosity, seek to understand problems in depth and always be willing to learn something new.
To help you on this journey, I prepared a basic and practical roadmap for learning Linux. It is simple, direct and will guide you from the first steps to more advanced knowledge. It doesn't matter if you're just starting out or already have some experience, this roadmap will be your guide to mastering the operating system that is the basis of the technology.
├── ? Fundamentos │ ├── ? Conceitos Básicos de Linux │ │ ├── ? Hierarquia do Sistema de Arquivos │ │ ├── ? Permissões e Propriedade │ │ ├── ? Processos e Daemons │ │ └── ?️ Comandos Básicos (ls, cd, cp, mv, rm, etc.) │ ├── ? Shell e Scripts │ │ ├── ? Scripts Bash │ │ ├── ? Automação Básica │ │ └── ?️ Comandos Comuns do Shell (grep, awk, sed) │ ├── ? Fundamentos de Redes │ │ ├── ? Pilha TCP/IP │ │ ├── ? Configuração de DNS │ │ ├── ? Interfaces de Rede │ │ └── ?️ Solução Básica de Problemas de Rede (ping, traceroute, netstat) │ └── ? Instalação e Configuração do Sistema │ ├── ? Métodos de Instalação (ISO, PXE) │ ├── ?️ Particionamento de Disco e Sistemas de Arquivos │ └── ? Configuração Inicial e Endurecimento ├── ? Administração de Sistemas │ ├── ? Gerenciamento de Usuários e Grupos │ │ ├── ? Contas de Usuário │ │ ├── ? Políticas de Grupo │ │ └── ? Configuração do sudo │ ├── ? Gerenciamento de Pacotes │ │ ├── ? RPM e YUM (RHEL/CentOS) │ │ ├── ? APT (Debian/Ubuntu) │ │ └── ? Compilação a partir do Código-Fonte │ ├── ? Gerenciamento de Processos │ │ ├── ? Systemd e Init │ │ ├── ? Monitoramento e Controle de Processos │ │ └── ? Crontab e Tarefas Agendadas │ ├── ? Gerenciamento de Sistemas de Arquivos │ │ ├── ?️ Montagem e Desmontagem de Sistemas de Arquivos │ │ ├── ? NFS e Samba │ │ └── ? Cotas de Disco │ └── ? Segurança │ ├── ? Firewalls (iptables, firewalld) │ ├── ?️ SELinux e AppArmor │ ├── ? Configuração e Endurecimento do SSH │ └── ? Auditoria e Logs ├── ? Redes e Serviços │ ├── ? Configuração de Rede │ │ ├── ? Endereçamento IP Estático e Dinâmico │ │ ├── ? Agregação e Ponteamento de Redes │ │ └── ? VLANs │ ├── ? Serviços Web │ │ ├── ? Apache e Nginx │ │ ├── ? HTTPS e SSL/TLS │ │ ├── ↔️ Proxies Reversos │ │ └── ?️ Firewalls de Aplicações Web (WAF) │ ├── ? Gerenciamento de Banco de Dados │ │ ├── ? MySQL/MariaDB │ │ ├── ? PostgreSQL │ │ ├── ? Bancos de Dados NoSQL (ex.: MongoDB) │ │ └── ? Backup e Restauração │ ├── ? Serviços de E-mail │ │ ├── ✉️ Postfix e Sendmail │ │ └── ? Filtro de Spam │ └── ? Serviços de Arquivos e Impressão │ ├── ? Samba │ ├── ? NFS │ └── ?️ CUPS ├── ? Administração Avançada │ ├── ? Virtualização │ │ ├── ? KVM e QEMU │ │ ├── ? VirtualBox │ │ └── ? Libvirt │ ├── ? Containerização │ │ ├── ? Docker │ │ ├── ☸️ Kubernetes │ │ └── ? Podman │ ├── ? Computação em Nuvem │ │ ├── ☁️ AWS │ │ ├── ☁️ Azure │ │ ├── ☁️ OpenStack │ │ └── ☁️ GCP (Google Cloud Platform) │ ├── ? Gerenciamento de Configuração │ │ ├── ? Ansible │ │ ├── ? Puppet │ │ ├── ? Chef │ │ └── ? SaltStack │ └── ? Alta Disponibilidade │ ├── ? Clusterização (Pacemaker, Corosync) │ ├── ⚖️ Balanceamento de Carga (HAProxy, Nginx) │ └── ? Backup e Recuperação de Desastres ├── ? Monitoramento e Desempenho │ ├── ? Monitoramento do Sistema │ │ ├── ? Ferramentas (Nagios, Zabbix, Prometheus, Grafana) │ │ └── ? Gerenciamento de Logs (ELK Stack, Graylog) │ ├── ? Ajuste de Desempenho │ │ ├── ? Otimização de CPU e Memória │ │ ├── ? Desempenho de I/O de Disco │ │ └── ? Desempenho de Rede │ └── ? Solução de Problemas │ ├── ? Análise de Logs │ ├── ? Problemas Comuns e Soluções │ ├── ? Gargalos de Desempenho │ └── ? Ajuste do Kernel ├── ? Scripts e Automação │ ├── ? Scripts Avançados │ │ ├── ? Scripts de Shell
Becoming a developer is not an easy path, but it is an incredibly rewarding journey. With a solid foundation in logic and algorithms, the right choice of language and a command of Linux, you will be very well prepared for the challenges ahead. More than that, with a problem-solving mentality, you will become an indispensable professional in the market. So, take this roadmap, get your hands dirty and start building your career right now. The future is yours!
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