What Does `decimal(5,2)` Mean in a Database Context?

Diving into Numeric Precision and Scale for Databases

In the realm of database design, understanding the nuances of numeric precision and scale is crucial for ensuring data accuracy and integrity. Suppose we encounter a table column defined as decimal(5,2) in a database. How do we decipher its meaning?

Demystifying Numeric Precision and Scale

Numeric precision refers to the total number of significant digits allowed for the number, encompassing both integer and decimal components. For instance, a number like 12345.67 has a precision of 9, as it comprises nine significant digits.

On the other hand, numeric scale denotes the number of decimal places (after the decimal point) that are supported. Using the same example, 12345.67 has a scale of 2, as it features two decimal places.

Now, let's delve into our specific case: decimal(5,2). This indicates that the maximum permissible value for this data type is 999.99, which adheres to the rule that precision minus scale cannot exceed 15 for SQL Server.

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