How Can I Catch and Handle Native Exceptions in C# When Interacting with Unmanaged Libraries?

Handling Native Exceptions in C# Code

Is it Possible to Catch Unmanaged Exceptions?

When invoking unmanaged libraries, you may encounter native exceptions. These exceptions originate from the underlying code and differ from the exceptions thrown by the .NET Framework.

Catching Native Exceptions

You can indeed catch native exceptions in C# code using the Win32Exception class. This class provides additional information about the exception, including its native error code through the NativeErrorCode property.

Handling Native Exceptions

To handle native exceptions effectively, you can employ the try...catch block as follows:

const int ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND = 2;
const int ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED = 5;
const int ERROR_NO_APP_ASSOCIATED = 1155;

void OpenFile(string filePath)
{
    Process process = new Process();

    try
    {
        // Attempt to open the file using a native application
        process.StartInfo.FileName = filePath;
        process.StartInfo.Verb = "Open";
        process.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true;
        process.Start();
    }
    catch (Win32Exception e)
    {
        // Handle specific native error codes
        switch (e.NativeErrorCode)
        {
            case ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND:
            case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
            case ERROR_NO_APP_ASSOCIATED:
                MessageBox.Show(this, e.Message, "Error",
                    MessageBoxButtons.OK,
                    MessageBoxIcon.Exclamation);
                break;
        }
    }
}

This example handles common native error codes when attempting to open a file and displays appropriate error messages to the user.

Notes

For comprehensive exception handling, it's crucial to consult the documentation of the specific unmanaged library you're using to determine the potential native errors that may occur.

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