How Can I Reliably Detect Commit or Rollback Status in Database Transactions?

Detecting Commit or Rollback in Database Transactions

It can be challenging to determine the status of a transaction in database/sql without executing another transaction and examining the resulting error. This approach requires additional complexity and code duplication.

Instead, it is recommended to adopt the following practices:

1. Encapsulate Transactions within Functions:

Keep Begin(), Commit(), and Rollback() within the same function. This simplifies transaction handling and ensures proper closure using defer. Consider the following example:

func DoSomething() (err error) {
    tx, err := s.db.Begin()
    if err != nil {
        return
    }
    defer func() {
        if err != nil {
            tx.Rollback()
            return
        }
        err = tx.Commit()
    }()

    // Transaction operations...
    return
}

2. Utilize Transaction Handlers:

Simplify transaction handling further by encapsulating the logic in a transaction handler:

func Transact(db *sql.DB, txFunc func(*sql.Tx) error) (err error) {
    // Transaction handling and error handling logic...
}

This allows for concise transaction code:

DoSomething() error {
    return Transact(s.db, func (tx *sql.Tx) error {
        // Transaction operations...
        return nil
    })
}

3. Handling Panics and GC Considerations:

Within the transaction handler, use recover() to catch panics and ensure a Rollback occurs. Re-throw the panic if necessary.

As for GC and memory recovery, setting the Tx variable to nil after Commit or Rollback is unnecessary. The GC will reclaim any unused resources.

By adhering to these best practices, you can effectively detect and handle transaction status in your database/sql applications.

Additional Note:

Avoid using panic as a normal error handling mechanism. Always aim to return errors to allow proper handling by caller code.

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