How Can I Reuse a Single Postgres DB Connection in Go for Efficient Row Inserts?

Reusing a Single Postgres DB Connection in Go for Row Inserts

In the realm of database operations, one of the common tasks is inserting rows into a table. For optimal database performance, it is essential to establish a single connection and reuse it for all insert operations. This approach avoids the overhead of opening numerous connections and ensures efficient database interactions.

Issue: Opening Excessive DB Connections

When attempting to insert multiple rows into a Postgres table using Go, it is crucial to avoid opening a new connection for each insert operation. If your code resembles the following:

db, err := sql.Open("postgres", "connectionURL")
if err != nil {
    log.Fatal(err)
}

for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
    // Insert row
    _, err := db.Exec("INSERT INTO table VALUES (...)")
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
}

You will encounter the issue of opening multiple connections. This is because the db variable is a connection pool rather than a single connection. Each time you call Exec, a new connection is opened and added to the pool.

Solution: Reusing a Single Connection

To ensure that a single connection is used for multiple inserts, it is necessary to make the following modifications:

• Define a global *sql.DB variable outside the main function and initialize it in the init function. This ensures that the connection is established only once during program execution.
• In the main function, where the actual insert operations are performed, no new connections should be opened. Instead, the global db variable should be used for all subsequent insert operations.

The corrected code should resemble the following:

var db *sql.DB

func init() {
    var err error
    db, err = sql.Open("postgres", "connectionURL")
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }

    if err = db.Ping(); err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
}

func main() {
    for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
        // Insert row
        _, err := db.Exec("INSERT INTO table VALUES (...)")
        if err != nil {
            log.Fatal(err)
        }
    }
}

By implementing these changes, you can effectively reuse a single Postgres DB connection for all insert operations, eliminating the issue of opening excessive connections and maximizing database efficiency.

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