How Can I Print Strings in Python Without Newlines or Spaces?

Printing Without Newlines or Spaces

When using print in Python with multiple arguments, a newline or space is automatically inserted between each value. This can make it difficult to print output as a single, continuous string.

Python 3

To suppress the newline or space, use the sep and end parameters. To remove the newline, set end to an empty string:

print('.', end='')

To remove the space between arguments, set sep to an empty string:

print('a', 'b', 'c', sep='')

Python 2.6 and 2.7

Method 1: Using the Future Module

Import the print function from Python 3 using the future module:

from __future__ import print_function

This allows you to use the same sep and end parameters as in Python 3.

Method 2: Using sys.stdout.write

Alternatively, you can use sys.stdout.write to append to the standard output stream:

import sys
sys.stdout.write('.')

To ensure immediate output, flush stdout manually:

sys.stdout.flush()

By using these techniques, you can seamlessly append strings to the standard output stream, without introducing newlines or spaces.

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