How to Build C Projects with Multiple .cpp Files in VS Code?

VS Code Unable to Build C Program with Multiple .cpp Source Files

One of the common challenges in using VS Code for C development is building programs with multiple source files. While this issue may not arise in other IDEs like Codeblocks or Visual Studio Community, it's encountered by users working with VS Code on certain platforms.

Understanding the Issue

The issue stems from VS Code's default configuration, which requires explicit specification of the location of source files for the build process. While the compiler can locate header files (.h files), it fails to identify source files (.cpp files).

Resolving the Issue

To resolve this issue and enable VS Code to build programs with multiple .cpp source files, follow these steps:

1. Modify tasks.json:

   In the "tasks.json" file, add the following code snippet to specify the location of all .cpp files within the project directory:

   {
       "label": "g++.exe build active file",
       "args": [
           "-g",
           "${fileDirname}\**.cpp",
           "-o",
           "${fileDirname}\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
       ],
   }

2. Modify launch.json:

   To automatically invoke the build task before launching the program, add the following line to the "launch.json" file:

   "preLaunchTask": "g++.exe build active file"

Example:

For the example program provided in the question, here's the updated "tasks.json" file:

{
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "tasks": [
        {
            "label": "Build",
            "type": "shell",
            "command": "g++ -g /home/me/project/main.cpp -o Classes",
            "group": {
                "kind": "build",
                "isDefault": true,
            },
            "problemMatcher": "$gcc"
        },
        {
            "label": "g++.exe build active file",
            "args": [
                "-g",
                "${fileDirname}\**.cpp",
                //"${fileDirname}\**.h",
                "-o",
                "${fileDirname}\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
            ],
        }
    ]
}

Note: If your source files are organized in separate folders, ensure that the "fileDirname" variable correctly points to the appropriate directories.

By implementing these modifications, VS Code will successfully build and link the program with multiple .cpp source files.

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