How Do I Handle Exceptions in C# Tasks (Async/Await and ContinueWith)?

Exception Handling in C# Tasks

When working with Task, exception handling is essential for ensuring robust and responsive applications. This article explores two approaches to capturing exceptions, depending on the version of C# being used.

C# 5.0 and Above: Async and Await

In C# 5.0 and later, the async and await keywords simplify task-based programming significantly. Instead of relying on ContinueWith, async methods allow you to use try/catch blocks directly to handle exceptions:

try
{
    // Start the task.
    var task = Task.Factory.StartNew<StateObject>(() => { /* action */ });

    // Await the task.
    await task;
}
catch (Exception e)
{
    // Perform cleanup here.
}

C# 4.0 and Below: ContinueWith with TaskContinuationOptions

For older versions of C#, the ContinueWith overload with the TaskContinuationOptions enumeration can be used:

// Get the task.
var task = Task.Factory.StartNew<StateObject>(() => { /* action */ });

// For error handling.
task.ContinueWith(t => { /* error handling */ }, context,
    TaskContinuationOptions.OnlyOnFaulted);

OnlyOnFaulted ensures that the continuation is executed only when the antecedent task throws an exception. Multiple continuations can be chained to handle different cases:

// For error handling.
task.ContinueWith(t => { /* error handling */ }, context, 
    TaskContinuationOptions.OnlyOnFaulted);

// If it succeeded.
task.ContinueWith(t => { /* on success */ }, context,
    TaskContinuationOptions.OnlyOnRanToCompletion);

Whether you choose the async/await approach or the ContinueWith with TaskContinuationOptions technique, these methods empower you to effectively catch exceptions in C# tasks, ensuring your applications handle unexpected errors gracefully.

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