How Can I Get a C/C Program's Execution Directory Cross-Platform?

Obtaining Program's Running Directory in C/C

Problem:

Determining the full path of the directory where a program executes is a fundamental task in many programming scenarios. However, achieving this across various platforms and file systems can be challenging due to system-specific implementations. Can you provide a concise and efficient method to accomplish this platform-agnostically?

Solution:

Depending on the operating system, there are distinct approaches to retrieve this information:

Windows:

#include <windows.h>

int main() {
  char pBuf[256];
  size_t len = sizeof(pBuf);
  int bytes = GetModuleFileName(NULL, pBuf, len);
  return bytes ? bytes : -1;
}

Linux:

#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>

int main() {
  char pBuf[256];
  size_t len = sizeof(pBuf);
  int bytes = MIN(readlink("/proc/self/exe", pBuf, len), len - 1);
  if (bytes >= 0)
    pBuf[bytes] = '';
  return bytes;
}

These methods rely on low-level system functions to obtain the path directly from the operating system, ensuring platform-agnostic functionality.

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