How to Create Custom Membership and Role Providers in ASP.NET MVC 2?

Creating a Custom Membership Provider for ASP.NET MVC 2

In ASP.NET MVC 2, a membership provider manages user authentication and related tasks. To customize the membership provider, you can create a class that inherits from the abstract MembershipProvider class and overrides its methods.

Implement the ValidateUser Method

This method authenticates users against your custom data source. For example:

public override bool ValidateUser(string username, string password)
{
    // Validate the user credentials against your database.
    // ...
}

Configure the Membership Provider

Add the custom membership provider to your web.config:

<membership defaultProvider="MyMembershipProvider">
    <providers>
        <clear />
        <add name="MyMembershipProvider"
            applicationName="MyApp"
            connectionStringName="MyMembershipConnection"
            type="MyApp.MyMembershipProvider" />
    </providers>
</membership>

Role Management

To manage user roles, you also need to create a custom class that inherits from the abstract RoleProvider class and overrides its methods.

Implement the GetRolesForUser Method

This method retrieves the roles assigned to a user from your data source. For example:

public override string[] GetRolesForUser(string username)
{
    // Retrieve the user's roles from the database.
    // ...
}

Configure the Role Provider

Add the custom role provider to your web.config:

<roleManager enabled="true" defaultProvider="MyRoleProvider">
    <providers>
        <clear />
        <add name="MyRoleProvider"
            applicationName="MyApp"
            connectionStringName="MyMembershipConnection"
            type="MyApp.MyRoleProvider" />
    </providers>
</roleManager>

Authorization

To restrict access to specific controllers or actions based on roles, use the [Authorize(Roles = "role1,role2")] attribute.

Custom Authorization Attribute

For more control over authorization, you can create a custom attribute that inherits from the AuthorizeAttribute class. This allows you to handle authorization logic and redirect unauthorized users to a custom error view.

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