How Can I Segment Time Intervals (e.g., 10 Seconds, 30 Seconds) Using SQL's GROUP BY?

SELECT / GROUP BY - Segmenting Time Intervals (10 Seconds, 30 Seconds, etc.)

To address the request for aggregating data over custom time ranges within a time-series table, we can utilize the GROUP BY clause. However, standard grouping mechanisms may not align with the desired segments.

To group data into 10-second or 30-second intervals, we can leverage the UNIX_TIMESTAMP function to convert the time stamp into a numeric representation and then use the DIV operator. For instance, to group in 30-second intervals:

GROUP BY UNIX_TIMESTAMP(time_stamp) DIV 30

Similarly, for 20-second intervals:

GROUP BY UNIX_TIMESTAMP(time_stamp) DIV 20

To adjust the segment boundaries, we can use the following formula:

GROUP BY (UNIX_TIMESTAMP(time_stamp) + r) DIV 30

Where 'r' represents a nonnegative integer less than 30. For example, to group in 15-second intervals:

GROUP BY (UNIX_TIMESTAMP(time_stamp) + 5) DIV 30

This will generate segments from hh:mm:05 to hh:mm:35 and from hh:mm:35 to hh:mm 1:05. By utilizing these techniques, we can effectively aggregate data over customized time intervals, enabling granular analysis and data summarization.

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