How to Deserialize Collections of Interface Instances with JSON.NET?

Deserializing Collections of Interface Instances

Problem:

When trying to deserialize a collection of interface instances using JSON.NET, the error "Could not create an instance of type ITestInterface. Type is an interface or abstract class and cannot be instantiated" occurs.

Solution:

Using Type Name Handling:

JSON.NET provides a mechanism called "Type Name Handling" to handle the deserialization of interface instances. By specifying the TypeNameHandling property of the JsonSerializerSettings object to TypeNameHandling.Objects, JSON.NET will serialize the type name of the interface implementation along with the JSON data.

During deserialization, JSON.NET will use the specified type name to create the appropriate instance of the interface implementation. The assembly name of the type can also be specified for more precise deserialization by setting the TypeNameAssemblyFormat property to FormatterAssemblyStyle.Simple.

Code Example:

Serialization:

string serializedJson = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(objectToSerialize, Formatting.Indented, new JsonSerializerSettings
{
    TypeNameHandling = TypeNameHandling.Objects,
    TypeNameAssemblyFormat = FormatterAssemblyStyle.Simple
});

Deserialization:

var deserializedObject = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<ClassToSerializeViaJson>(serializedJson, new JsonSerializerSettings
{
    TypeNameHandling = TypeNameHandling.Objects
});

By using type name handling, JSON.NET can effectively deserialize collections of interface instances, ensuring that the correct implementations are created.

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