How to Dynamically Generate Pivot Columns in SQL Server?

Dynamic pivot columns in SQL Server

In SQL Server, dynamic pivot columns allow you to create a pivot table whose columns change based on values ​​in another table. This is useful when the number of pivot columns is unknown in advance or changes frequently.

Consider the following form:

• Property: Contains a list of properties.
• PropertyObjects: Link properties to objects and provide values ​​for properties.

Problem Statement

You want to create a pivot table that contains one column for each property in the Property table. However, the number of properties may change, so you need a way to get the column names dynamically.

Solution

To create dynamic pivot columns, you can use dynamic SQL with the PIVOT clause. The following code demonstrates one solution:

DECLARE @cols AS NVARCHAR(MAX);
DECLARE @query AS NVARCHAR(MAX);

-- 获取作为逗号分隔字符串的唯一属性名称
SELECT @cols = STUFF((SELECT DISTINCT ',' + QUOTENAME(Name)
                      FROM property
                      FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
                     ).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)'), 1, 1, '');

-- 构造动态查询
SET @query =
'SELECT *
FROM
(
  SELECT
    o.object_id,
    p.Name,
    o.value
  FROM PropertyObjects AS o
  INNER JOIN property AS p ON o.Property_Id = p.Id
) AS t
PIVOT 
(
  MAX(value)
  FOR Name IN (' + @cols + ')
) AS p;';

-- 执行动态查询
EXEC(@query);

Results

The dynamic query will return a pivot table containing one column for each property in the Property table. The value in the pivot table will be the maximum value for each attribute-object combination.

For example, if the Property table contains the following properties:

• Property1
• Property2
• Property3

and the PropertyObjects table contains the following data:

OBJECT_ID	PROPERTY_ID	VALUE
1	1	ee
1	2	fd
1	3	fdf
1	4	ewre
2	1	dsd
2	2	sss
2	3	dfew
2	4	dff

Dynamic query will return the following pivot table:

OBJECT_ID	PROPERTY1	PROPERTY2	PROPERTY3	PROPERTY4
1	ee	fd	fdf	ewre
2	dsd	sss	dfew	dff

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