How to Concatenate Columns and Add Text in Oracle SQL?

Combining Oracle SQL Columns and Appending Text

Formatting data for specific output often requires combining multiple columns and including extra text. Oracle SQL offers two primary methods: the CONCAT function and the || operator.

Method 1: The CONCAT Function

The CONCAT function's syntax is:

<code class="language-sql">CONCAT(string1, string2, ..., stringN)</code>

Each string can be a literal text string, a column name, or an expression resulting in a string. To combine three columns and add text, use this query:

<code class="language-sql">SELECT CONCAT(
  CONCAT(
    CONCAT(
      CONCAT('I like ', t.type_desc_column), 
      ' cake with '), 
    t.icing_desc_column),
  ' and a '),
  t.fruit_desc_column) AS Cake_Column
FROM table_name t;</code>

Method 2: The || Operator

The || operator provides a more concise way to concatenate strings:

<code class="language-sql">string1 || string2 || ... || stringN</code>

The previous example using || becomes:

<code class="language-sql">SELECT 'I like ' || t.type_desc_column || ' cake with ' || t.icing_desc_column || ' and a ' || t.fruit_desc_column AS Cake_Column
FROM table_name t;</code>

Both CONCAT and || effectively combine columns and add text, enabling customized data presentation.

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