Why is my PreparedStatement in Java throwing an 'incorrect SQL syntax near '?'' error?

Correctly Using PreparedStatement with MySQL

Java developers often encounter SQLException errors with PreparedStatement when interacting with MySQL databases. A common error message points to incorrect SQL syntax near a question mark ('?'). This usually stems from improper statement preparation.

One specific cause is using executeQuery() with a String parameter. This bypasses parameter binding, executing the raw query string instead of the parameterized version. The solution is to execute the PreparedStatement without a String argument.

The corrected code should be:

<code class="language-java">statement.executeQuery();</code>

Omitting the String argument from executeQuery() ensures that the parameters set using methods like setString() (for surname and name, for example) are correctly substituted into the SQL query before execution. This prevents SQL syntax errors related to the placeholders.

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