How to Handle Multiple JWT Issuers in ASP.NET Core?

Handling multiple JWT issuers in ASP.NET Core 2

ASP.NET Core 2 supports handling multiple JWT token providers. This functionality is critical when your API needs to integrate with external services that use different JWT token issuance mechanisms.

To achieve this function, please use the following code:

services
    .AddAuthentication()
    .AddJwtBearer("Firebase", options =>
    {
        options.Authority = "https://securetoken.google.com/my-firebase-project";
        options.TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters
        {
            ValidateIssuer = true,
            ValidIssuer = "my-firebase-project",
            ValidateAudience = true,
            ValidAudience = "my-firebase-project",
            ValidateLifetime = true
        };
    })
    .AddJwtBearer("Custom", options =>
    {
        // 在此处配置自定义 JWT 令牌选项
    });

services
    .AddAuthorization(options =>
    {
        options.DefaultPolicy = new AuthorizationPolicyBuilder()
            .RequireAuthenticatedUser()
            .AddAuthenticationSchemes("Firebase", "Custom")
            .Build();
    });

This code differs from the original code snippet in several key ways:

1. Authentication scheme overloads: The AddJwtBearer method has multiple overloads, one of which allows specifying the authentication scheme name. Since we have multiple scenarios, this overload must be used.
2. No default authentication scheme: The AddAuthentication method is used without parameters to avoid setting a default authentication scheme. This is because handling multiple authentication schemes requires each request to go through all schemes.
3. Policy Update: DefaultPolicy has been modified to allow "Firebase" and "Custom" authentication schemes. This ensures that the authorization system attempts to authenticate the request using both schemes.
4. Authentication Handling: If you handle the AuthenticationFailed event, please note that for non-first AddJwtBearer policies, the error "IDX10501: Signature validation failed" may occur. This is because the system attempts to match the signature of each policy in turn.

Additional Notes for .NET Core 6 and above

In .NET Core 6 and above, a default authorization scheme must be specified. So use the following code instead:

builder.Services.AddAuthentication(JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme)
        .AddJwtBearer(options =>
        {
            // Firebase 配置
        })
        .AddJwtBearer("AzureAD", options =>
        {
            // Azure AD 配置
        });

builder.Services.AddAuthorization(options =>
{
    var defaultAuthorizationPolicyBuilder = new AuthorizationPolicyBuilder(
        JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme,
        "AzureAD");
    defaultAuthorizationPolicyBuilder =
        defaultAuthorizationPolicyBuilder.RequireAuthenticatedUser();
    options.DefaultPolicy = defaultAuthorizationPolicyBuilder.Build();
});

By implementing the provided solution, you can seamlessly manage multiple JWT token issuers in your ASP.NET Core 2 application.

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