Why Are My Czech Characters Missing When Generating PDFs?

Solution to missing Czech characters when generating PDF

Question:

When generating PDFs containing Czech characters such as "Č" and "Ć", these characters are replaced with spaces or unrecognized placeholders.

Solution:

1. Code optimization:

To avoid using special characters in code files, use Unicode escape sequences, for example, use "u010c" instead of "Č".

2. Font selection:

Use a font that supports the characters you want, such as Arial.ttf or FreeSans.ttf.

3. Font embedding:

When using FontFactory, set the "embedded" parameter to true to ensure that the font is embedded in the PDF and can be displayed on all devices.

4. Encoding:

Specify the appropriate encoding when creating fonts. For Czech characters, you can use code page 1250 (for example, "Font f1 = FontFactory.getFont(FONT, "Cp1250", true);") or use Unicode for horizontal writing (for example, "Font f2 = FontFactory.getFont(FONT, BaseFont.IDENTITY_H, true);").

Additional notes:

• Avoid mixing different code pages in the same document.
• It is recommended to use Unicode for horizontal writing to be compatible with newer PDF standards and cross-language support.
• Embedded composite fonts take up more bytes than simple fonts, but benefit from compression.
• Extraction of the content stream shows that Czech characters use double-byte representation for Unicode and single-byte representation for code page 1250.

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