How Can I Mock HttpContext.Current for Effective ASP.NET MVC Unit Testing?

Mock HttpContext.Current in unit tests

When unit testing an ASP.NET MVC application, you need to mock the HttpContext.Current returned by the HttpContext.Current attribute call. This property returns an instance of System.Web.HttpContext that does not extend System.Web.HttpContextBase (the class used for mocking).

HttpContext.Current and HttpContextBase

The introduction of HttpContextBase is to solve the problem that HttpContext is difficult to simulate. However, there is no relationship between these two classes, HttpContextWrapper is used as an adapter between them.

Mock HttpContext for shared access

To simulate HttpContext so that it is shared between the controller and any library called in the TestInitialize method, you can use the following code:

<code class="language-csharp">HttpContext.Current = new HttpContext(
    new HttpRequest("", "http://tempuri.org", ""),
    new HttpResponse(new StringWriter())
    );</code>

Set user principal

To set up a logged in user, use the following code:

<code class="language-csharp">HttpContext.Current.User = new GenericPrincipal(
    new GenericIdentity("username"),
    new string[0]
    );</code>

Set user as not logged in

To impersonate an unauthenticated user, use:

<code class="language-csharp">HttpContext.Current.User = new GenericPrincipal(
    new GenericIdentity(String.Empty),
    new string[0]
    );</code>

By modifying HttpContext.Current in this way, it can be simulated throughout the test setup, ensuring consistent behavior of the controller and any dependent libraries.

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