How Can I Efficiently Insert Millions of Rows into SQL Server?

Efficient import of massive data into SQL Server: Large data set processing strategy

Importing large data sets to SQL Server requires efficient techniques to minimize processing time. This article explores various methods for quickly inserting millions of rows of data into SQL Server.

1. Use SqlBulkCopy for batch insert operations

The SqlBulkCopy class provides a high-performance batch data insertion mechanism. It optimizes the process by leveraging internal transaction management and table locking. Using this method can significantly improve the insertion speed of large data sets compared to the traditional INSERT statement.

Code example:

<code class="language-c#">using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connString))
{
    SqlBulkCopy bulkCopy = new SqlBulkCopy(
        connection, 
        SqlBulkCopyOptions.TableLock | 
        SqlBulkCopyOptions.FireTriggers | 
        SqlBulkCopyOptions.UseInternalTransaction,
        null
        );

    bulkCopy.DestinationTableName = this.tableName;
    connection.Open();
    bulkCopy.WriteToServer(dataTable);
    connection.Close();
}</code>

2. Use XML conversion for batch insertion

Alternatively, you can leverage XML transformation for bulk inserts. This method involves converting data from DataTable to XML format. Once the XML is created, it can be passed to the database and bulk inserted using SQL Server OpenXML functions.

3. Memory consumption considerations

Be aware of memory consumption when processing large data sets. Loading 2 million records into memory can strain your system's resources. To mitigate this situation, it is recommended to process the data incrementally or explore other techniques such as table partitioning.

By applying these strategies, you can simplify the insertion process of large data sets into SQL Server, ensuring efficient data management and performance optimization.

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