C# Constructor Execution: Base Class or Derived Class First?

Execution order of constructors in C#

In C#, the execution order of constructors plays a crucial role in object initialization. When declaring a constructor whose parameter list contains base type parameters, for example:

<code class="language-c#">Class(Type param1, Type param2) : base(param1)</code>

The question arises: Should the class constructor or the superclass constructor be executed first?

Execution order:

The execution sequence in C# is as follows:

• Member variables: Member variables of all classes in the inheritance hierarchy are initialized to their default values.
• Most derived class: Starting with the most derived class:
  • Variable initializer: Execute a variable initializer for the most derived type.
  • Constructor chain: The constructor chain determines the base class constructor that will be called.
  • Base class initialization: Initializes the base class (this order is applied recursively).
  • Constructor body: Execute the constructor body in the chain in this class. Note that multiple constructor bodies can be chained using Foo() : this(...).

The difference between

and Java:

It is important to note that in Java, base classes are initialized before running variable initializers. This distinction is critical for code portability between C# and Java.

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