Why Zustand suceed in the React state management war?

Zustand's recent achievement of 49,000 GitHub stars is truly remarkable.

The React state management landscape has undergone a significant shift in recent years. Redux, once the dominant player, is gradually becoming a legacy library, its popularity waning.

The Redux Era

Redux's success was a double-edged sword. It emerged victorious from the "Flux Wars," becoming the default for React, particularly in the era of class-based components. However, its complexity led to widespread adoption even in applications where it wasn't strictly necessary, resulting in extensive boilerplate code for state management. A more user-friendly approach, like Redux Toolkit, might have altered its trajectory.

Enter Zustand

Zustand, maintained by Poimandres with Daishi Kato as lead maintainer, is part of a trio of state management solutions—Zustand, Jotai, and Valtio. While Valtio has seen less adoption, Jotai and Zustand represent a new generation, each with distinct characteristics.

Jotai, an atom-based library inspired by reactive programming, offers a minimalist API and is arguably the best atom-based tool for React. However, its atom-based model can present a learning curve for developers accustomed to more traditional data structures.

This is where Zustand excels. It feels like a refined, minimalist successor to Redux, seamlessly integrating state and actions, providing robust TypeScript support, and offering a powerful yet streamlined middleware system. This last point is crucial; extending functionality is often necessary, and Zustand's middleware approach is superior to Redux's more complex system.

Another key advantage is Zustand's multi-store approach, a significant departure from Redux's monolithic state. This allows for cleaner architecture, separating global state from local page/feature states, avoiding the complexities of large reducer combinations. This approach keeps local state outside the React component tree without resorting to the verbosity and potential confusion of React contexts.

Therefore, Zustand's success is unsurprising. It aligns with the intuitive React development style while offering a cleaner alternative to the complexities of older state management solutions, even surpassing the perceived simplicity of React contexts.

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