How to Split Comma-Delimited Strings in T-SQL?

Efficiently Parsing Comma-Delimited Strings in T-SQL

T-SQL lacks a built-in split function, unlike many other programming languages. However, several techniques effectively achieve string splitting.

Approach 1: Leveraging XML Parsing

This approach uses XML's inherent parsing capabilities to separate values. The following T-SQL code illustrates this:

<code class="language-sql">DECLARE @xml xml, @str varchar(100), @delimiter varchar(10)
SET @str = '1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15'
SET @delimiter = ','
SET @xml = cast(('<X>'+replace(@str, @delimiter, '</X><X>')+'</X>') as xml)
SELECT C.value('.', 'varchar(10)') as value FROM @xml.nodes('X') as X(C)</code>

Approach 2: CTE and CHARINDEX for Recursive Splitting

This method employs a Common Table Expression (CTE) and the CHARINDEX function for recursive string splitting:

<code class="language-sql">DECLARE @str varchar(100), @delimiter varchar(10)
SET @str = '1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15'
SET @delimiter = ','
;WITH cte AS
(
    SELECT 0 a, 1 b
    UNION ALL
    SELECT b, CHARINDEX(@delimiter, @str, b) + LEN(@delimiter)
    FROM CTE
    WHERE b > a
)
SELECT SUBSTRING(@str, a,
CASE WHEN b > LEN(@delimiter) 
    THEN b - a - LEN(@delimiter) 
    ELSE LEN(@str) - a + 1 END) value      
FROM cte WHERE a > 0</code>

Further Exploration

For additional methods and a broader discussion on splitting comma-delimited strings within T-SQL, consult this helpful resource:

• Advanced Techniques for Comma-Delimited String Splitting in SQL Server

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