WPF DataGrid: How to Change Cell, Not Row, Color Based on Value?

Change WPF DataGrid cell color based on value

When customizing the WPF DataGrid, you may want to apply different cell colors based on specific values. To do this, you can use styles or value converters in the DataGrid column's XAML. But what happens when you encounter a style that inadvertently affects the entire row instead of the target cell?

Problem Analysis

If you are encountering this problem, it may be because you are referencing the DataGrid's CellStyle property, which applies to the entire row rather than individual cells. To solve this problem, the CellStyle property must be specified for each specific column in the DataGrid.

Apply styles to columns

To customize the appearance of an individual cell, target the column's ElementStyle property instead. For example, if you wanted to highlight all cells with a specific value (e.g. "John" in the "Name" column), you could use the following XAML:

<code class="language-xml"><DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Name}">
    <DataGridTextColumn.ElementStyle>
        <Style TargetType="TextBlock">
            <Style.Triggers>
                <Trigger Property="Text" Value="John">
                    <Setter Property="Background" Value="LightGreen" />
                </Trigger>
            </Style.Triggers>
        </Style>
    </DataGridTextColumn.ElementStyle>
</DataGridTextColumn></code>

Using this method, color changes will only be applied to cells that meet the specified criteria.

Use value converter

In addition to using styles, you can also take advantage of value converters to modify cell colors. Value converters allow you to convert a bound value to a different value, such as a brush. Consider the following C# example:

<code class="language-csharp">public class NameToBrushConverter : IValueConverter
{
    public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture)
    {
        string input = (string)value;
        switch (input)
        {
            case "John":
                return Brushes.LightGreen;
            default:
                return DependencyProperty.UnsetValue;
        }
    }

    public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture)
    {
        throw new NotSupportedException();
    }
}</code>

To use a converter, include it in the Window.Resources section of your XAML and bind the cell background to the value converter like this:

<code class="language-xml"><Window.Resources>
    <local:NameToBrushConverter x:Key="NameToBrushConverter" />
</Window.Resources>

...

<DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Name}">
    <DataGridTextColumn.ElementStyle>
        <Setter Property="Background" Value="{Binding Name, Converter={StaticResource NameToBrushConverter}}" />
    </DataGridTextColumn.ElementStyle>
</DataGridTextColumn></code>

Bind directly to properties

Another way to control the cell background color is to bind directly to a property in the data model that returns the desired brush. This method requires you to handle property change notifications to ensure that the background color is updated when the underlying data changes.

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