SaveChanges(false) and AcceptAllChanges() vs. Transactions in EF: When to Use Which?

Comparison of SaveChanges(false) and AcceptAllChanges() in Entity Framework (EF) with transactions

When using transactions in Entity Framework (EF), the SaveChanges() methods are typically responsible for transaction creation and management. By passing SaveChanges() to false and then calling AcceptAllChanges() when no errors occur, EF ensures that pending changes are either committed within a transaction or rolled back.

However, this approach may cause problems in some cases:

Transaction rollback: When an exception occurs during transaction execution, the transaction must be rolled back to maintain database integrity. Although the SaveChanges(false) AcceptAllChanges() method allows custom error handling, the transaction will still end after the method goes out of scope. If the error occurs after calling AcceptAllChanges(), the changes will still show up in the database.

Identification column: Identity columns are automatically generated and allocated by the database during record insertion. If an insert operation fails during a transaction, there may be a gap in the identity sequence, which may affect subsequent inserts.

TransactionScope: The standard TransactionScope classes in .NET provide additional flexibility for managing distributed transactions across multiple contexts. However, it can be problematic in EF when using the SaveChanges(false) AcceptAllChanges() method, as discarding changes in one context may affect the transaction results in another context.

When to use SaveChanges(false) and AcceptAllChanges(): Despite these caveats, the SaveChanges(false) AcceptAllChanges() approach works best in situations where distributed transactions across multiple contexts are required. By retaining uncommitted changes, it allows error handling and logging before committing or rolling back a transaction.

Example:

<code class="language-csharp">using (TransactionScope scope = new TransactionScope())
{
    // 对 Context1 的操作
    context1.SaveChanges(false);

    // 对 Context2 的操作
    context2.SaveChanges(false);

    // 事务完成，提交更改
    scope.Complete();
    context1.AcceptAllChanges();
    context2.AcceptAllChanges();
}</code>

In this example, if context1 or context2 encounters an error after calling SaveChanges(false), the transaction can be rolled back and the uncommitted changes for each context can be logged for further investigation.

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