Day16

Conditional Statements in Programming

Conditional statements, such as Java's if-else construct, govern program execution based on specified conditions. The fundamental structure involves a condition followed by code blocks for both true and false outcomes. This branching capability allows the program to follow different execution paths depending on whether a condition evaluates to true or false.

Decision-Making Statement Types:

Several types of decision-making statements exist, each offering varying levels of complexity and control:

1. if statement
2. if-else statement
3. if-else-if statement (chained conditionals)
4. Nested if statement
5. switch statement

The if Statement:

An if statement executes a block of code only when a given condition is true. If the condition is false, the code block is skipped.

Example:

<code class="language-java">package day1if;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int bat = 500;
        if (bat >= 500) {
            System.out.println("Go to play");
        }
        System.out.println("Don't play"); // This line always executes
    }
}</code>

Output:

<code>Go to play
Don't play</code>

The if-else Statement:

The if-else statement provides a choice between two code blocks. If the condition is true, the if block executes; otherwise, the else block executes.

Example:

<code class="language-java">package day1if;

public class Main1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int bat = 500;
        if (bat > 600) {
            System.out.println("Go to play");
        } else {
            System.out.println("Don't play");
        }
    }
}</code>

Output:

<code>Don't play</code>

The if-else-if Statement:

This construct allows for multiple conditional checks. The code executes the block corresponding to the first true condition encountered. If none of the conditions are true, an optional else block is executed. This provides a more structured way to handle multiple possible outcomes.

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