How Can I Safely Call Asynchronous Methods from Synchronous Methods in C#?

Integrating Asynchronous and Synchronous Code in C#

Many C# projects aren't fully asynchronous. This article addresses the challenges and solutions for calling asynchronous methods from within synchronous contexts.

Is it Feasible?

Yes, it's possible to call asynchronous methods from synchronous code. However, the differing execution models of synchronous and asynchronous programming can create complexities.

Approaches to Safe Integration

Several approaches facilitate this integration:

Method 1: Task.WaitAndUnwrapException

For asynchronous methods that don't require context synchronization (each await uses ConfigureAwait(false)), Task.WaitAndUnwrapException provides a safe way to wait for completion and retrieve the result:

<code class="language-csharp">var task = MyAsyncMethod();
var result = task.WaitAndUnwrapException(); </code>

Method 2: AsyncContext.RunTask (for Context-Sensitive Awaits)

If context synchronization is necessary within the asynchronous method, AsyncContext.RunTask creates a nested context for executing the task:

<code class="language-csharp">var result = AsyncContext.RunTask(MyAsyncMethod).Result;</code>

Method 3: Task.Run (for Thread Pool Compatibility)

When AsyncContext.RunTask isn't applicable, Task.Run offloads the asynchronous method to the thread pool. The asynchronous method must be compatible with the thread pool's context:

<code class="language-csharp">var task = Task.Run(async () => await MyAsyncMethod());
var result = task.WaitAndUnwrapException();</code>

Choosing the right approach depends on the specific needs of your asynchronous method and its interaction with the surrounding synchronous code. Careful consideration of context and potential deadlocks is crucial.

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