How Can I Ensure My WinForms Application Scales Correctly on High-DPI Displays?

High-DPI Scaling for WinForms Applications: A Comprehensive Guide

Developing WinForms applications for high-DPI displays requires careful consideration of scaling behavior. To avoid blurry text and ensure optimal rendering, developers should implement DPI awareness. This is achieved by either modifying the application manifest or using P/Invoke.

Method 1: Modifying the Application Manifest

The most straightforward approach involves adding a DPI awareness setting to your application's manifest file. This explicitly instructs the application to handle higher DPI settings, preventing Windows' default bitmap scaling.

1. Add a new "Application Manifest File" to your project.
2. Replace the content with the following XML:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<assembly manifestVersion="1.0" xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1" xmlns:asmv3="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v3">
  <assemblyIdentity name="MyApplication.app" version="1.0.0.0" />
  <trustInfo xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v2">
    <security>
      <requestedPrivileges xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v3">
        <requestedExecutionLevel level="asInvoker" uiAccess="false" />
      </requestedPrivileges>
    </security>
  </trustInfo>
  <application>
    <windowsSettings xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/SMI/2005/WindowsSettings">
      <dpiAware>true</dpiAware>
    </windowsSettings>
  </application>
</assembly>

Method 2: Using P/Invoke (for ClickOnce Deployments)

For ClickOnce deployments where direct manifest modification isn't practical, you can utilize the SetProcessDPIAware() function via P/Invoke within your application's Main() method:

[STAThread]
static void Main() {
    if (Environment.OSVersion.Version.Major >= 6) SetProcessDPIAware();
    Application.EnableVisualStyles();
    Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false);
    Application.Run(new Form1()); // Adjust as needed
}

[System.Runtime.InteropServices.DllImport("user32.dll")]
private static extern bool SetProcessDPIAware();

By implementing either of these methods, your WinForms application will render sharp text and graphics across all DPI settings, providing a consistent and visually appealing user experience.

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