Using the Selenium Web Driver API with PHPUnit

This article explores using Facebook's webdriver package for browser emulation in PHP, building upon a previous article (not included here) that covered Selenium with PHPUnit. It focuses on acceptance testing and automating browser interactions.

Key Differences from PHPUnit's Selenium Extension:

• Facebook's webdriver requires manual browser session closure using tearDown(), unlike PHPUnit's automatic handling.
• It leverages the RemoteWebDriver class for Selenium server interaction.

Implementation Steps:

1. Installation: Use Composer to install the Facebook webdriver package: composer require facebook/webdriver --dev

2. Test Class Setup: Create a PHPUnit test class (e.g., UserSubscriptionTestFB.php) extending PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase. The setUp() method initializes the RemoteWebDriver instance, specifying the Selenium server address (http://localhost:4444/wd/hub by default) and desired browser capabilities (e.g., Firefox or Chrome).

   public function setUp()
   {
       $this->webDriver = RemoteWebDriver::create('http://localhost:4444/wd/hub', DesiredCapabilities::firefox());
   }

3. Browser Closure: The tearDown() method is crucial for closing the browser session after each test:

   public function tearDown()
   {
       $this->webDriver->quit();
   }

4. Form Interaction: The fillFormAndSubmit() method uses findElement() with WebDriverBy to locate form elements and interact with them.

   public function fillFormAndSubmit($inputs)
   {
       $this->webDriver->get('http://vaprobash.dev/'); // Replace with your URL
       $form = $this->webDriver->findElement(WebDriverBy::id('subscriptionForm')); // Replace with your form ID
   
       foreach ($inputs as $input => $value) {
           $form->findElement(WebDriverBy::name($input))->sendKeys($value);
       }
   
       $form->submit();
   }

5. Test Cases: Test methods use data providers (assumed from the previous article) to supply test inputs. Assertions verify expected outcomes (success or error messages). Example:

   /**
    * @dataProvider validInputsProvider
    */
   public function testValidFormSubmission(array $inputs)
   {
       $this->fillFormAndSubmit($inputs);
       $content = $this->webDriver->findElement(WebDriverBy::tagName('body'))->getText();
       $this->assertEquals('Everything is Good!', $content); // Replace with your success message
   }

6. Screenshot Capture: The takeScreenshot() method allows capturing screenshots during test execution:

   $this->webDriver->takeScreenshot(__DIR__ . "/../../public/screenshots/screenshot.jpg");

7. Waiting for Elements: The wait() method with until() or WebDriverExpectedCondition handles asynchronous page loading:

   $this->webDriver->wait(10, 300)->until(WebDriverExpectedCondition::presenceOfElementLocated(WebDriverBy::name('username')));

8. Advanced Interactions: The article covers more advanced interactions such as drag-and-drop, alert handling, and keyboard shortcuts.

9. Headless Testing: The article explains how to use XVFB (X virtual framebuffer) for headless browser testing on systems without a graphical display. Both methods (running XVFB separately and using xvfb-run) are detailed.

   

Useful Links (repeated from original):

• https://www.php.cn/link/5847ac0c8efb8552d1b7c42a4c3f2418
• https://www.php.cn/link/676bc6cef834fe54277b1954f6cd4c5c
• https://www.php.cn/link/f31bad5d6425dd6d172c786a1bffe4a7

The article concludes by emphasizing Selenium's broader utility beyond testing, including browser automation tasks. A FAQ section provides further guidance on installation, basic tests, exception handling, assertions, browser selection, element interaction, waiting for elements, screenshot capture, alert handling, and parallel test execution.

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