Controlling a Motorbot Using Arduino and Node.js
This tutorial demonstrates building a NodeBot—a robot controlled by Node.js—using Arduino. We'll create a simple motorbot controllable from a web browser. The project leverages JavaScript's growing popularity in robotics and IoT.
Key Concepts:
- NodeBots & Arduino Integration: NodeBots, powered by Node.js, offer a powerful combination with Arduino for diverse applications, including game development, robotics, and IoT.
- Hardware Setup: The hardware consists of an Arduino, two motors, an L298 motor controller, and a connection cable. Crucially, StandardFirmata must be installed on the Arduino.
- Server-Side (Node.js): We use Node.js, Express.js, Socket.IO (for real-time communication), and Johnny-Five (a Firmata-based robotics framework).
- Client-Side (Browser): A simple web interface allows users to control motor movements. Socket.IO handles real-time communication between the browser and the server.
Hardware:
- Arduino microcontroller
- Two motors
- L298 motor controller
- USB cable connecting Arduino to computer
Motor Selection: Choose motors appropriate for the intended load. Higher voltage motors may require an external power supply.
StandardFirmata Installation:
- Download the Arduino IDE.
- Connect the Arduino via USB.
- In the IDE, navigate to
File > Examples > Firmata > StandardFirmata. - Upload the StandardFirmata code to the Arduino.
Software Setup:
Create a package.json file:
{
"name": "nodebot-sample",
"dependencies": {
"express": "^4.11.2",
"johnny-five": "^0.8.53",
"socket.io": "^1.3.3"
}
}Run npm install to install dependencies.
Server-Side Code (index.js):
var express = require('express');
var app = express();
var io = require('socket.io')(app.listen(8081));
var five = require('johnny-five');
app.use(express.static(__dirname + '/app'));
app.get('/', function (res) { res.sendfile('/index.html'); });
var board = new five.Board({ repl: false });
board.on('ready', function () {
var speed, commands, motors;
motors = {
a: new five.Motor([3, 12]),
b: new five.Motor([11, 13])
};
io.on('connection', function (socket) {
socket.on('stop', function () { motors.a.stop(); motors.b.stop(); });
socket.on('start', function () { speed = 255; motors.a.fwd(speed); motors.b.fwd(speed); });
socket.on('reverse', function () { speed = 120; motors.a.rev(speed); motors.b.rev(speed); });
socket.on('left', function () { motors.a.fwd(220); motors.b.rev(50); });
socket.on('right', function () { motors.a.rev(50); motors.b.fwd(220); });
});
});Client-Side Code (app/index.html & app.js):
index.html:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>NodeBot Control</title>
<🎜>
<🎜>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<i class="fa fa-angle-up" id="forward"></i>
<i class="fa fa-angle-left" id="left"></i>
<i class="fa fa-angle-down" id="reverse"></i>
<i class="fa fa-angle-right" id="right"></i>
<i class="fa stop" id="stop"></i>STOP
</div>
</body>
</html>app.js:
var socket = io();
document.getElementById('forward').onclick = () => socket.emit('start');
document.getElementById('right').onclick = () => socket.emit('right');
document.getElementById('left').onclick = () => socket.emit('left');
document.getElementById('reverse').onclick = () => socket.emit('reverse');
document.getElementById('stop').onclick = () => socket.emit('stop');Run node index.js to start the server. Access the control interface at 127.0.0.1:8081. Remember to troubleshoot connection issues if the board isn't recognized. This example demonstrates the basic principles; more complex interactions are achievable with this foundation. The full source code is available on GitHub (link would be inserted here if provided).
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