Send Emails in PHP Using Symfony Mailer

This article will dive into the Symfony Mailer library, which allows you to send emails from PHP applications. Starting with installation and configuration, we will step by step explaining a real-life example that demonstrates all aspects of sending emails using the Symfony Mailer library.

What is Symfony Mailer?

You have a variety of ways to choose when sending emails in a PHP application. You may even end up creating your own wrapper to quickly set up your email features. However, if you are using a well-maintained and feature-rich library, you are always lucky.

Symfony Mailer is a popular library for sending emails from PHP applications and is widely accepted by the PHP community. It is a feature-rich library because it covers almost all aspects of sending emails, from setting up different ways of transferring to customizing the messages being sent. Also, if you have heard of the Swift Mailer library, it is the predecessor of the Symfony Mailer library—Symfony Mailer is a new and improved version.

In fact, sending emails using the Symfony Mailer library is a very simple process.

1. Initialize the transfer (SMTP or sendmail) object
2. Initialize the mailer object using this transfer
3. Initialize the email object
4. Format and send email

In the next section, we will demonstrate each of the above steps with a real example.

1. Installation and configuration

In this section, I will show you how to install and configure the Symfony Mailer library. Installation is very simple as it is already available as a Composer package. Before we proceed, make sure you have Composer installed as we need it to install the Symfony Mailer library.

After installing Composer, use the following command to get the Symfony Mailer library.

$ composer require symfony/mailer

In this way, the Symfony Mailer library should be installed, as well as necessary dependencies in the vendor directory. The content of the newly created composer.json should be as follows:

{
    "require": {
        "symfony/mailer": "^5.4"
    }
}

This is the installation part, but how should you use it? This is just a problem with including the autoload.php file created by Composer in your application, as shown in the code snippet below.

<?php
require_once './vendor/autoload.php';

// your application code...
?>

2. Create an email script

We have explored how to install the Symfony Mailer library using Composer. Now let's start implementing a real example.

Continue to create the email.php file containing the following content.

<?php
require_once './vendor/autoload.php';

use Symfony\Component\Mailer\Transport;
use Symfony\Component\Mailer\Mailer;
use Symfony\Component\Mime\Email;

// 创建一个传输对象
$transport = Transport::fromDsn('smtp://username:password@hostname:port');

// 创建一个邮件器对象
$mailer = new Mailer($transport);

// 创建一个电子邮件对象
$email = (new Email());

// 设置“发件人地址”
$email->from('sender@example.test');

// 设置“收件人地址”
$email->to('recepient@example.test');

// 设置“主题”
$email->subject('使用Symfony Mailer库的演示邮件。');

// 设置纯文本“正文”
$email->text('这是邮件的纯文本正文。\n感谢，\n管理员');

// 设置HTML“正文”
$email->html('这是邮件的HTML版本。<br><br>内联图像示例：<br><img src="/static/imghw/default1.png" data-src="http://publicdata.comcid:nature" class="lazy" alt="Send Emails in PHP Using Symfony Mailer "><br><br>感谢，<br>管理员');

// 添加“附件”
$email->attachFromPath('/path/to/example.txt');

// 添加“图像”
$email->embed(fopen('/path/to/mailor.jpg', 'r'), 'nature');

// 发送邮件
$mailer->send($email);

Let's see how this code works.

Step 1: Initialize Symfony Mailer

The Symfony Mailer library supports different transmission methods such as SMTP and Sendmail when sending emails. So the first thing you need to do is initialize the SendmailTransport object.

$transport = new SendmailTransport();

After creating the transfer, we need to initialize an email object and decorate it with the necessary properties.

$ composer require symfony/mailer

Now, we will set the "from" address of the email using the from method.

{
    "require": {
        "symfony/mailer": "^5.4"
    }
}

Next, let's set the "To" address of the email.

<?php
require_once './vendor/autoload.php';

// your application code...
?>

Step 3: Attach the file

Next, let's see how to attach files to emails.

You can use the text method.

<?php
require_once './vendor/autoload.php';

use Symfony\Component\Mailer\Transport;
use Symfony\Component\Mailer\Mailer;
use Symfony\Component\Mime\Email;

// 创建一个传输对象
$transport = Transport::fromDsn('smtp://username:password@hostname:port');

// 创建一个邮件器对象
$mailer = new Mailer($transport);

// 创建一个电子邮件对象
$email = (new Email());

// 设置“发件人地址”
$email->from('sender@example.test');

// 设置“收件人地址”
$email->to('recepient@example.test');

// 设置“主题”
$email->subject('使用Symfony Mailer库的演示邮件。');

// 设置纯文本“正文”
$email->text('这是邮件的纯文本正文。\n感谢，\n管理员');

// 设置HTML“正文”
$email->html('这是邮件的HTML版本。<br><br>内联图像示例：<br><img src="/static/imghw/default1.png" data-src="http://publicdata.comcid:nature" class="lazy" alt="Send Emails in PHP Using Symfony Mailer "><br><br>感谢，<br>管理员');

// 添加“附件”
$email->attachFromPath('/path/to/example.txt');

// 添加“图像”
$email->embed(fopen('/path/to/mailor.jpg', 'r'), 'nature');

// 发送邮件
$mailer->send($email);

If you want to set the HTML version of the message, you can use the Mailer object to send the message.

$transport = new SendmailTransport();

Try running the script and you should receive an email!

Conclusion

Today, we looked at one of the most popular PHP email sending libraries: Symfony Mailer. With this library, you can easily send emails from PHP scripts.

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