2021 Roundup of Web Research

This year's web research roundup examines key findings from various industry surveys and reports, revealing emerging trends and persistent challenges in web development and design. The data offers insights into technology adoption, developer preferences, accessibility concerns, and the evolving landscape of web work.

Here's a summary of noteworthy reports, presented without specific order:

• HTTP Archive Annual State of the Web: This comprehensive study analyzed 8.2 million websites, highlighting a continued increase in CSS file size (up 7.9% to ~70KB) and a record-breaking number of external stylesheets (2,368 files).

• State of CSS 2021: Tailwind CSS's popularity continues to surge (39% usage), while CSS variables are now widely adopted (84.4%). Interestingly, the perception of CSS's ease of learning has slightly decreased.

• GitHub 2021 State of the Octoverse: This report reinforces the shift towards remote work (86% expecting remote or hybrid arrangements) and the persistent need for better documentation. TypeScript's usage continues its rapid growth, surpassing PHP in popularity.

• Google Year in Search 2021: A fascinating glimpse into user search patterns, revealing collective interests and concerns. Top searches related to financial aid, attractiveness, and solitary happiness highlight societal trends.

• Stack Overflow Developer Survey 2021: This survey confirms TypeScript's rise and emphasizes the common practice of developers relying on online resources (Google, Stack Overflow) to overcome coding challenges.

• The [New] State of CSS in Angular: Angular's dropped support for Internet Explorer 11 has enabled broader CSS feature adoption within the framework.

• JetBrains State of Developer Ecosystem 2021: JavaScript remains the most popular and studied language among developers.

• The WebAIM Million 2021: While showing a 15.6% decrease in distinct accessibility errors, the report still reveals a staggering 51,379,694 errors overall, with low contrast text being the most prevalent issue.

• WebAIM Survey of Web Accessibility Practitioners #3 & WebAIM Screen Reader User Survey #9: These surveys provide valuable insights into the web accessibility field, highlighting the lack of formal education and the ongoing challenges in improving accessibility for screen reader users.

• CodinGame Developer Survey 2021: This survey points to a significant increase in companies offering fully remote work opportunities (48%).

• LinkedIn 2021 Workplace Learning Report: Gen Z learners show a significant increase in learning content consumption, while a concerningly low percentage (40%) report manager support for upskilling/reskilling.

• HackerRank Innovator Report 2021: The report emphasizes the importance of innovation but reveals that only 47% of companies use skills as the primary basis for tech job descriptions.

• Microsoft IoT Signals Report: This report highlights the widespread adoption of IoT strategies and the accelerated use of AI and edge computing in various industries.

• Developer Nation 2021 State of the Developer Survey: Compensation remains the leading factor influencing developer job changes (50%).

• UpWork Freelance Forward 2021: The freelance market continues to grow, with a significant portion of non-freelancers expressing interest in freelancing. Many freelancers report higher earnings compared to traditional employment.

• UXTools.co 2021 Design Tools Survey: Figma dominates the design tool landscape, while the "product designer" title surpasses "UX designer" in prevalence.

• Postman 2021 State of the API Report: API usage continues to explode, with a significant increase in API requests and a strong adoption of API-first development philosophies.

• Chrome 2021 Scroll Survey Report: A significant portion of developers express dissatisfaction with web scrolling performance and smoothness.

• Sparkbox 2021 Design Systems Survey: While design systems show increasing adoption, overcoming design and technical debt remains a major challenge.

• Tower Git Mac Dev Survey 2021: This survey provides a profile of Mac developers, highlighting JavaScript's popularity and the growing interest in Swift.

• HackerEarth 2021 Developer Survey: This report focuses on student developers, revealing their interests in AI, data science, and IoT, and highlights the prevalence of learning to code between ages 15-21.

• Trend Micro 2021 Midyear Cybersecurity Report: This report details the significant number of ransomware attacks during the first half of 2021.

• WordPress 2020 Annual Survey Results: This survey reveals user and developer satisfaction with WordPress, highlighting areas for improvement.

• An Informal Survey of Web Performance Tooling in 2021: WebPageTest and Chrome DevTools are the most commonly used performance tools.

While these reports offer valuable insights, it's important to remember that methodological variations and sample sizes limit the generalizability of some findings. Nevertheless, they provide a compelling overview of the current state of web development and design.

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