Reset Root Password In Fedora 39 Using Live USB: A Practical Guide

This tutorial guides you through recovering your forgotten Fedora root password using a Fedora Live USB. This method is useful if the single-user mode approach fails.

Step 1: Prepare a Bootable Fedora Live USB

Download the Fedora Workstation Live image from the official Fedora website. Create a bootable USB drive using a tool like Fedora Media Writer or Ventoy.

Step 2: Boot from the Live USB

Insert the USB drive and boot your system from it. You may need to adjust your BIOS/UEFI settings to prioritize USB boot.

Step 3: Locate and Mount Your System's Root Partition

Open a terminal in the Live environment. Use lsblk or fdisk -l to identify your Fedora root partition (often marked with a filesystem type like ext4). Remember, the Live environment's root partition is separate from your installed system's root partition.

To find your installed system's root partition:

1. List Partitions: Use lsblk to list all block devices. Identify partitions on your hard drive (e.g., /dev/sda1, /dev/sda2).

$ lsblk

Example output (your partition will vary):

<code>NAME        MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
loop0         7:0    0  1.9G  1 loop 
loop1         7:1    0  7.6G  1 loop 
├─live-rw   253:0    0  7.6G  0 dm   /
└─live-base 253:1    0  7.6G  1 dm   
loop2         7:2    0   32G  0 loop 
└─live-rw   253:0    0  7.6G  0 dm   /
sda           8:0    0   50G  0 disk 
├─sda1        8:1    0    1M  0 part 
├─sda2        8:2    0    1G  0 part 
└─sda3        8:3    0   49G  0 part 
sr0          11:0    1    2G  0 rom  /run/initramfs/live
zram0       252:0    0  7.7G  0 disk [SWAP]</code>

2. Mount the Root Partition: Create a mount point and mount the identified partition. (Replace /dev/sda3 with your partition):

$ sudo mkdir /mnt/myroot
$ sudo mount /dev/sda3 /mnt/myroot

3. Verify the Mount: Check the mount with df -h:

$ df -h /mnt/myroot

4. Inspect Contents: Change directory and list contents to confirm it's the root partition:

$ cd /mnt/myroot
$ ls

You should see directories like bin, etc, home, usr.

Step 4: Enter the Chroot Environment

Change root into your system:

$ sudo chroot /mnt/myroot

Step 5: Reset the Root Password

Reset the root password:

# passwd

Enter and confirm your new password.

Step 6: Unmount and Reboot

Exit the chroot environment and unmount the partition:

# exit
$ sudo umount /mnt/myroot

Remove the Live USB and reboot your system.

Step 7: Log In with the New Password

Boot into Fedora and log in using your new root password.

This advanced method avoids single-user mode. Remember to exercise caution and back up important data before attempting these steps. If unsure, seek assistance from a Linux expert.

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