How To Configure Static IP Address In Ubuntu 22.04 (Easy Guide)

This guide details several methods for configuring a static IP address on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS and later versions. We'll cover using Netplan, nmcli, nmtui, and the GNOME desktop GUI.

Table of Contents

• Method 1: Netplan Configuration File
  • Understanding Netplan Configuration File Precedence and Merging
• Method 2: nmcli Command-Line Tool
• Method 3: nmtui Text-Based Interface
• Method 4: GNOME Desktop GUI
• Conclusion

Method 1: Configuring a Static IP via Netplan

Netplan, the default network manager in Ubuntu 18.04 and later, uses YAML configuration files.

1. Identify Your Network Interface: Use ip a or ip link to list interfaces (e.g., eth0, ens33). Note the name; we'll use ens18 as an example.

   

2. Back Up Your Configuration: Before editing, back up /etc/netplan/01-network-manager-all.yaml:

   sudo cp /etc/netplan/01-network-manager-all.yaml /etc/netplan/01-network-manager-all_backup.yaml

3. Edit the Configuration File: Open the Netplan configuration file (e.g., /etc/netplan/01-network-manager-all.yaml) with a text editor like nano:

   sudo nano /etc/netplan/01-network-manager-all.yaml

4. Configure the Static IP: Modify the file. Replace placeholders with your network details:

   network:
     version: 2
     renderer: networkd
     ethernets:
       ens18:
         dhcp4: no
         addresses:
           - 192.168.1.22/24
         gateway4: 192.168.1.101
         nameservers:
           addresses: [8.8.8.8, 8.8.4.4]

   For multiple IP addresses:

   network:
     version: 2
     renderer: networkd
     ethernets:
       ens18:
         dhcp4: no
         addresses:
           - 192.168.1.22/24
           - 192.168.1.23/24
           - 192.168.1.24/24
         routes:
           - to: default
             via: 192.168.1.101
         nameservers:
           addresses: [8.8.8.8, 8.8.4.4]

   Important: YAML is whitespace-sensitive. Use consistent indentation (spaces, not tabs).

5. Validate the Configuration: Test your changes before applying:

   sudo netplan try

6. Apply the Configuration: Apply the changes:

   sudo netplan apply

7. Verify the Changes: Use ip a or ip addr show dev ens18 to check the IP settings.

8. Restart the Network Service (Optional): If necessary:

   sudo systemctl restart systemd-networkd

Understanding Netplan Configuration File Precedence and Merging

Netplan processes all YAML files in /etc/netplan/. Later files override earlier ones for conflicting settings. Multiple IP addresses must be defined within a single file.

Method 2: Using nmcli

nmcli is a command-line NetworkManager tool. Install it if needed (sudo apt update && sudo apt install network-manager).

1. List Connections: nmcli con show lists your connections.

   

2. Modify the Connection: (Replace placeholders with your values)

   sudo nmcli con modify "Wired connection 1" ipv4.addresses 192.168.1.22/24 ipv4.gateway 192.168.1.101 ipv4.dns 8.8.8.8 ipv4.method manual
   sudo nmcli con down "Wired connection 1"
   sudo nmcli con up "Wired connection 1"

3. Verify: Use nmcli con show "Wired connection 1" or ip a to verify.

Method 3: Using nmtui

nmtui provides a text-based interface. Install NetworkManager if necessary. Run sudo nmtui and follow the on-screen prompts.

Method 4: GNOME Desktop GUI

1. Open Settings, then Network.

2. Click the gear icon next to your connection.

3. Switch to "Manual" in the IPv4 settings.

4. Add your IP address, netmask, gateway, and DNS servers.

5. Click Apply. Reconnect if necessary.

   

Conclusion

Choose the method that best suits your comfort level and environment. Remember to avoid IP address conflicts with your DHCP range.

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