:where() has a cool specificity trick, too.
:is()
and :where()
are CSS pseudo-selectors offering similar functionality but differing significantly in specificity. Recently, :is()
has gained popularity due to broader browser support, simplifying complex selectors. However, :where()
provides a crucial advantage in controlling specificity.
:is()
inherits the specificity of its most specific argument. This can be advantageous for increasing specificity without adding extra classes, as demonstrated:
1 2 3 |
|
Conversely, :where()
always has zero specificity, regardless of its arguments. This is particularly useful for lowering specificity in situations where a higher-specificity selector might unintentionally override a more general style. Consider this example:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 |
|
Here, red
wins due to :is()
's inherited specificity. Switching to :where()
changes the outcome:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 |
|
Now, yellow
prevails because :where()
's specificity is lower.
Choosing between :is()
and :where()
depends on your specific needs. Generally, starting with :is()
is recommended for its simplicity. However, if you encounter specificity conflicts, :where()
offers a powerful tool to manage and reduce specificity, preventing unintended style overrides. While low specificity is generally preferred for maintainability, the extreme zero specificity of :where()
might introduce its own complexities. Therefore, a balanced approach is key – use :is()
unless you need the precise specificity control offered by :where()
.
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