In Go programming, how to correctly manage the connection and release resources between Mysql and Redis?

Effective management of MySQL and Redis connection resources in Go language

In Go language development, especially when dealing with databases (such as MySQL) and caches (such as Redis), it is crucial to efficiently manage connected resources. This article will explore how to correctly initialize, use, and release MySQL and Redis connections to avoid resource leakage.

First, let’s take a look at common resource management misunderstandings. Many developers are used to creating global database or cache connections when the program is initialized and reused throughout the application lifecycle. Although this method is simple, it is easy to cause problems that resources cannot be released when the application is closed.

Redis Connection Management

Suppose you use github.com/go-redis/redis package. It is not recommended to use global variables to directly hold Redis client connections. A better approach is to use a connection pool and get the connection from the pool if needed and return it after use. This can effectively control the number of connections and avoid resource exhaustion.

Sample code (using connection pool):

 import (
    "context"
    "github.com/go-redis/redis/v8"
)

var redisPool *redis.Client

func initRedisPool() {
    redisPool = redis.NewClient(&redis.Options{
        // ...Connection parameters...
    })
}

func getRedisClient(ctx context.Context) (*redis.Client, error) {
    return redisPool, nil // Simplify the example, practical application may require more complex pool management}

func setRedisValue(ctx context.Context, key string, value interface{}) error {
    client, err := getRedisClient(ctx)
    if err != nil {
        return err
    }
    defer client.Close() // Make sure the connection is released return client.Set(ctx, key, value, 0).Err()
}

MySQL Connection Management

For MySQL, it is also not recommended to hold database connections globally when using ORM frameworks (such as GORM). GORM itself provides a connection pooling mechanism, but it still needs to close the connection at the right time. A better practice is to open the connection in each requested handler function and close the connection at the end of the function. This ensures that each request has an independent database connection, avoids concurrency issues, and automatically releases resources after the request is completed.

Sample code (based on GORM, one connection per request):

 import (
    "gorm.io/driver/mysql"
    "gorm.io/gorm"
)

func handleRequest(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    db, err := gorm.Open(mysql.Open("yur_dsn"), &gorm.Config{})
    if err != nil {
        // Handle error}
    defer db.Close() // Make sure the connection is released // ... database operation...

    sqlDB, err := db.DB()
    if err != nil {
        // Handle error}
    defer sqlDB.Close() // Make sure the underlying connection is released}

Summarize

Whether it is Redis or MySQL, you should avoid using global variables to directly hold connections. Using connection pools or creating and releasing connections in each request can better control resources, avoid leakage, and improve application stability and performance. When the application is closed, it is necessary to explicitly close the connection pool or all open connections. Remember that effective management of resources is the key to writing robust and efficient Go applications.

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