How to use char array in C language

The char array stores character sequences in C language and is declared as char array_name[size]. The access element is passed through the subscript operator, which ends with the null terminator '\0', which represents the end point of the string. The C language provides a variety of string manipulation functions, such as strlen(), strcpy(), strcat() and strcmp().

Use of char arrays in C language

A char array is a data structure used to store character sequences in C. It is a continuous block of memory, each element is a character.

Declaration and initialization

The declaration of the char array is as follows:

 <code class="c">char array_name[size];</code>

Where, array_name is the name of the array, and size is the number of elements in the array (including the null terminator).

Arrays can be declared and initialized at the same time:

 <code class="c">char array_name[] = "string";</code>

Access elements

Elements in an array can be accessed through the subscript operator. The subscript starts at 0 and is reduced to one.

 <code class="c">array_name[index] = value;</code>

null terminator

The char array usually ends with the null terminator '\0'. The null terminator indicates the end of the string. When traversing the array, when a null terminator is encountered, the reading should be stopped.

String operation function

The C language provides many functions for manipulating strings. Some commonly used functions include:

• strlen() : Get the length of the string
• strcpy() : Copy string
• strcat() : Connection string
• strcmp() : Compare strings

Example

Consider the following code:

 <code class="c">#include <stdio.h> int main() { char name[10]; printf("Enter your name: "); scanf("%s", name); printf("Hello, %s!\n", name); return 0; }</stdio.h></code>

This code declares an array of chars named name that stores the user's name. It uses the scanf() function to read the name from the user and prints a welcome message using printf() function.

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