How to monitor resource usage in Debian system

This article introduces several commonly used methods to help you effectively monitor system resources on the Debian system.

Commonly used commands and tools:

1. top command: display process information in real time, including CPU and memory usage. Press "Shift M" to sort by memory, and "Shift P" to sort by CPU.

2. htop command: (Requires installation: sudo apt-get install htop ) Interactive process viewer, more intuitive than top .

3. vmstat command: Displays virtual memory, disk, CPU and process activity information. Press the "d" key to view disk I/O, and press the "p" key to view CPU statistics.

4. iostat command: (Requires installation: sudo apt-get install sysstat ) Displays disk I/O statistics, including read and write speed.

5. netstat command: Displays network connection, routing table and network interface information.

6. free command: Displays memory usage (total memory, used, free). Use free -m to display in MB.

7. df command: Displays disk space usage (total space, used, available). Use df -h to display in human-readable format.

8. uptime command: Displays system running time and average load.

9. acct / psacct tool: used to monitor and record user activities, assist system administrators in user activity tracking, resource usage analysis and security audits.

10. Bashtop: (Required to be installed) Terminal-based resource monitoring tool that intuitively displays CPU, memory, process and bandwidth statistics.

11. Zeek (formerly Bro): Powerful open source network security monitor, providing real-time network operation insights, assisting in detecting and preventing security incidents.

12. SNMP: Simple network management protocol, used to monitor server and network device information.

Through the above tools and commands, you can comprehensively monitor the resource usage of the Debian system to ensure stable operation and efficient performance of the system.

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