What are the security policies of php on centos

Detailed explanation of CentOS server PHP security policy: Building a solid protection system

This article will explore in-depth how to build a secure PHP operating environment on the CentOS system, covering multiple aspects such as system level, PHP configuration, permission management, HTTPS encryption and security monitoring, to help you effectively reduce the risk of server attacks. Server security is a continuous improvement process that requires regular review and updates to security policies.

1. System security cornerstone

• System update: Keep the latest version of the CentOS system and all software packages, install security patches in a timely manner, and plug known vulnerabilities.
• Firewall protection: Use Firewalld to finely control server network access and open only necessary ports (such as port 80 for HTTP and port 443 for HTTPS).
• SSH port reinforcement: Change the SSH default port (22) to above 10000 to reduce the probability of being brute-forced.
• User permissions are streamlined: Delete unnecessary system users and groups to reduce potential security risks.
• File permission control: Strictly follow the principle of minimum permissions, reasonably set access rights of files and directories to prevent sensitive information from being leaked.

2. PHP security configuration optimization

• Disable redundant modules: Delete or rename useless PHP extensions to reduce the attack surface.
• Information hiding: Modify the php.ini file, disable the expose_php directive, and prevent the PHP version information from leaking.
• Apache security reinforcement: hide Apache version information, prohibit directory traversal, close directory indexing, etc., and enhance web server security.
• Secure coding practice: Adopt secure coding specifications to effectively prevent common vulnerabilities such as SQL injection, cross-site scripting attacks (XSS), and cross-site request forgery (CSRF). For example, using precompiled statements to prevent SQL injection, strictly filtering and validating user input.
• Safe Mode (enabled with caution): Enable safe mode in php.ini (not recommended for production environments), limiting certain features of PHP scripts.
• Directory access restrictions: Through Apache's php_admin_value open_basedir directive, PHP scripts can only access specified directories to prevent malicious scripts from accessing sensitive files.

3. Permission management and access control

• Role-based access control (RBAC): uses database to store roles and permissions, and dynamically control access permissions based on user roles in the code.
• Access control list (ACL): Maintain access control list and manage each user's access rights to each resource in a refined manner.
• Middleware mechanism: Use middleware to perform permission verification in the PHP framework to simplify permission management logic.

4. HTTPS encrypted communication

• Enable SSL/TLS: Configure SSL certificates for the website, enable HTTPS protocol to encrypt communication between the client and the server, and protect user data security.

5. Data backup and disaster recovery

• Regular backup: Regular backup of PHP website data to ensure data security and facilitate disaster recovery.

6. Security monitoring and intrusion detection

• Real-time monitoring: Set up system and web server monitoring to detect abnormal activities and potential attacks in a timely manner.
• Intrusion detection tool: Use tools such as Fail2Ban to automatically detect and block malicious access attempts.

Through the comprehensive application of the above measures, the security of PHP applications on CentOS servers can be significantly improved and a more reliable and secure operating environment can be built. Remember that security is an ongoing process that requires constant learning and adaptation to new security threats.

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